A new University of Arizona-led project will help develop educational policies that better support the mental health of Black pre-K and K-12 students, who are at increased risk for suicide, depression and other mental illness.
The Black Youth Mental Health Initiative will bring UArizona expertise to Richmond Public Schools, a district in central Virginia, thanks to a $1 million, three-year grant from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Renae D. Mayes, an associate professor of disability and psychoeducational studies in the UArizona College of Education, will lead the project in partnership with staff and administrators at Richmond Public Schools and other education policy experts.
Mayes' research focuses on the academic experiences of Black students and how those experiences are affected by other aspects of students' identities, such as gender, class or disabilities. Her research, she said, aims to emphasize Black children's strengths despite the challenges they may face in school, such as poor funding to school districts or a lack of training for faculty and staff.
"We cannot blame Black children for systemic issues," Mayes said. "Black children are trying really hard, they're building relationships, they want to engage in careers in the sciences, and they're curious."
While there have been many studies focused on the mental health of minority populations, Mayes said more research is necessary to understand specific needs of Black students.
Death by suicide is highest among Black children ages 5-11, according to a report the Department of Health and Human Services delivered to Congress in 2020. The report also found that suicide is the second leading cause of death for Black children ages 10 and 14 and the third leading cause of death for Black teenagers between 15 and 19.
Black children, the report says, are also more likely to experience institutional oppression across health care, economic, criminal justice, legal, educational and environmental systems, which makes them more susceptible to poor mental health.
Richmond Public Schools serves 22,000 students, from preschool through high school; 55% of the district's students are Black. The district was chosen for the project because of previous relationships that Mayes' colleagues had with district leaders and other community organizations in Richmond.
In the 2021-2022 academic year, the district saw a rise in incidents that impact students' mental health, Mayes said, including cases of gun violence and child protective service referrals, compared to the 2020-2021 academic year.
The district's counselors and social workers also completed more suicide risk assessments in the last school year than in the year before. The assessments are typically done by school counselors or social workers upon referrals from teachers after a student says or writes things conveying suicidal thoughts, or seems withdrawn from their classes or friends.
Researchers will bring together district leaders and staff, leaders of Richmond community organizations, mental and behavioral health experts in Richmond and others to create an eight-member advisory board to help guide the project.
Researchers will not assign solutions to the district as part of the project, Mayes said, but rather work with district leaders, staff and community members to understand what policies might work best for improving students' mental health in ways that are sustainable.
Mayes hopes that by the end of the project, Richmond Public Schools will have the resources they need to "catch their breath" from responding to crises and develop policies that prevent mental health challenges for students.
"They're doing amazing work," she added. "And I know that it would be even more impactful if they're able to shift from being in crisis to engaging in prevention."
Credit Kyle Mittan, University Communications, https://news.arizona.edu/story/1m-grant-college-education-will-help-support-mental-health-black-youth
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